QAZIIMIlluminate Health Innovations
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Laboratory service

QAZIIM Oncology Department

Oncology consultation

A structured assessment defines the diagnosis, stage, prior treatment, hereditary clues and the clinical question for testing.

01

Clinical assessment

Review may include symptoms, pathology, CT, MRI, PET/CT, stage, surgery, systemic therapy, radiotherapy and family history. The goal is to define the medical question before selecting a test.1

02

Integrated interpretation

Results are interpreted with tumour histology, disease stage, previous therapy, specimen quality and current evidence. Multidisciplinary referral is arranged when required.2

Precision cancer therapy
From population treatment to molecular stratification

Conventional treatment can produce heterogeneous responses. Precision oncology uses validated tumour and patient biomarkers to stratify therapy, but a molecular match is clinically meaningful only when supported by evidence in the relevant cancer type and treatment setting.1

Created with BioRender.com. Scientific interpretation and caption by QAZIIM.
03

Mechanism, evidence and limitations

Molecular findings are evaluated through biological plausibility, analytical validity, tumour-specific clinical evidence and potential impact on management. Associations from another cancer type are not automatically transferable.3

04

Longitudinal and multidisciplinary interpretation

Cancer evolves across anatomical sites and under treatment pressure. Pathology, imaging, treatment history, specimen quality and molecular data are reviewed together, with repeat assessment considered only when it can answer a defined clinical question.4

References

  1. Chakravarty, D. & Solit, D. B. Clinical cancer genomic profiling. Nat. Rev. Genet. 22, 483–501 (2021).
  2. Thavaneswaran, S. et al. Therapeutic implications of germline genetic findings in cancer. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 16, 386–396 (2019).
  3. Ginsburg, O. et al. The role of genomics in global cancer prevention. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 18, 116–128 (2021).
  4. Hanahan, D. Hallmarks of cancer: new dimensions. Cancer Discov. 12, 31–46 (2022).
  5. Dagogo-Jack, I. & Shaw, A. T. Tumour heterogeneity and resistance to cancer therapies. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 15, 81–94 (2018).
  6. Ignatiadis, M., Sledge, G. W. & Jeffrey, S. S. Liquid biopsy enters the clinic. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 18, 297–312 (2021).